About Colorado Ethics Watch
Ethics Headlines
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The Colorado Independent, Sep 9, 2010
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The Colorado Independent, Sep 8, 2010
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The Denver Post, Sep 8, 2010
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The Denver Post, Sep 8, 2010
Peering Through: Hank Eng's Bid For Congress
"If I can live the American dream then so can these kids, no matter how bad the economy or the threat of terrorism," says Hank Eng, gesturing to several hundred four- and five-year-olds who have broken into an all-American cheer after the minute's silence honouring those who died when al-Qaeda attacked New York and Washington seven years ago.
One of only three Chinese-Americans running for Congress in next week's US elections, Eng is a Democrat and he's hoping that voters in Colorado's Sixth Congressional District (CD6) will turn to him for political inspiration and a way to reconnect with the American dream. An engineer born in New York, his career has included a stint with the United States Agency for International development (USAid) and 20 years with GE Aircraft Engines. His work has taken his family around the world - Russia at the fall of communism and China at the time of the Tiananmen Square crackdown. Indeed, it was while in Beijing that Eng converted to Judaism, his wife Lindsay's faith, making him the only Chinese Jew standing for federal office, and a source of religious fascination for several media outlets.
"People are seeking
alternatives," he says. "I look back on the last eight years and feel
downright angry. Neighbourhoods in this district are seeing mortgage
foreclosure rates go through the roof.
"Families are losing
their homes, investments, jobs and health care. Meanwhile, our men and
women in uniform are putting their lives on the line in Iraq and
Afghanistan while Halliburton profits ... where's the justice? I'm
angry, America's angry. It's time to make a stand for change, and
that's what my campaign's about," says Eng.
In the months leading up to polling day, November 4, Post Magazine
has gained unfettered access to Eng's campaign. And, beyond the
historical possibility of Barack Obama becoming the first black
president in US history, it has become clear that another remarkable
story is unfolding in Colorado; the story of an Asian-American - the
most under-represented immigrant group in the US Senate and Congress -
his formidable team of advisers and volunteers, and their chance of
winning a congressional election in a district that has never returned
a Democrat to Washington.
So staunchly Republican is CD6 that
Democratic Party strategists doubted the district could be won, hence
funds were channelled to candidates elsewhere in the state. Where Obama
raised US$67 million in August and a record-shattering US$150 million
last month, Eng's campaign has relied less on greenbacks and more on
the currency of conviction to sustain itself.
"I think we'd
need half a million to carry this race. So far, we've probably raised
US$120,000. But, if we can get Democrats to the ballot box on election
day and swing just over half of the independent vote, then of course we
can do it," he says as we knock on yet another door in Arapahoe, one of
five counties the electoral district straddles.
CD6 extends
over 10,000 sq km and covers sophisticated metropolitan areas near
downtown Denver as well as remote farming communities out on the
prairies. How can one candidate possibly appeal to such a disparate
constituency, I wonder, feet aching. Eng does not answer. Instead, the
60-year-old power-walks up a steep driveway to drop in on a family that
some of his campaign volunteers, visiting earlier in the day, have
reported to be politically engaged but sceptical about his platform.
After
letting Eng in, the couple, in their late 30s, attempt to calm two
children who are cavorting around the cavernous lobby of a house that
was surely worth several hundred thousand dollars more just a few
months ago, before the market crash.
The candidate and
constituents are soon at ideological loggerheads. Dad, who runs a
multimillion-dollar medical fund, is convinced that market forces
should be the sole arbiter of efficiency in health-care provision, and
mum's apprehension about immigrants is palpable. However, there is
something Bill Clintonesque about Eng; a capacity perhaps, with his
gentle manners and the earnest interest he takes in other people's
lives, to be all things to all men - or at least all Coloradans.
Evolution
gradually occurs in the conversation. As the silver-haired campaigner
outlines his stance on health care with reference to the occasion he
ended up in a third-world hospital after contracting malaria on service
with the US Peace Corps, the couple's enmity abates. By the time he
takes his leave, they are promising to visit the campaign website for
more on his policies.
Eng is too pragmatic to offer the
encounter as an example of how to appeal to disparate elements in the
constituency. "It wasn't the most efficient use of time and they
probably won't vote for me," he ponders as we walk back to the car.
"But now, at least, they know my name and what I stand for ... this
election has to be about choice and not just another Republican
shoo-in."
Between the candidate and a seat in Congress stands
Colorado Secretary of State Mike Coffman. "We're fighting a Republican
opponent who is very well known around the district," says Allison
Sharpe, Eng's campaign manager, back at the headquarters in Littleton,
a corner of Denver that retains a 1970s air.
"We need to do
everything we can to make voters think twice before they put a cross
next to Coffman's name just because he's secretary of state. So, we're
getting Hank out in the community - canvassing, house parties, talks to
business clubs, radio, TV; you name it," says the 33-year-old mother of
one. "We won't let up."
While no one seems to consider Eng's
ethnicity an issue as far as the electorate is concerned, it seems
legitimate to enquire just how prepared CD6 voters are to back a
Chinese-American - to put a cross next to a distinctly non-Anglo-Saxon
name on election day. After all, the district is more than 85 per cent
white and for the last nine years has returned Tom Tancredo to
Congress, the man who fought John McCain for the Republican
presidential nomination from the far right wing. The same man who said
of multiculturalism, "If western civilisation succumbs to [its] siren
song, then ... we're finished."
Professor Don Nakanishi,
director of the Asian American Studies Centre at the University of
California, Los Angeles, reasons that racism is still a factor in the
election process, albeit a diminishing one. "From simple prejudice in
words to quite violent forms of hate crime, [it's] still out there in
society," he says.
Like other immigrant minorities, Asians have
found acceptance in mainstream America a hard nut to crack. As far back
as the 1880 presidential election there were riots across the US,
including Colorado, directed against Chinese immigrants, who were
accused of taking Caucasians' jobs and spreading disease. Two years
later, Washington passed the Chinese Exclusion Act, which effectively
barred Chinese people from entering the country.
Incredibly,
the act was only fully repealed under civil rights legislation in the
1960s and its provisions directly affected Eng's life.
"My dad
was what used to be called a `paper son' - after a lot of paperwork, my
grandfather got him into America on a visa meant for someone who had
already died. And in the family tradition, I'm something of a
bureaucratic miracle myself," he says.
"Dad was drafted into
the army during the second world war and helped supply General [Claire]
Chennault's Flying Tigers [fighter-plane squadrons] in Burma. During
leave in Guangdong he met my mother and, like other Chinese women, she
would have been refused entry to the US under the Exclusion Act. But
dad got her in under the War Brides Act instead and I was born in New
York soon afterwards."
General Chennault, who once served as
"air adviser" to Kuomintang leader Chiang Kai-shek, himself married a
Chinese woman. According to her biographer, Professor Catherine
Forslund, Anna Chennault was one of the most important
Chinese-Americans of the last century, not only for her influence in US
diplomatic circles but also as a woman who worked ceaselessly to
promote Chinese-Americans in the eyes of presidents Richard Nixon and
Ronald Reagan.
From Washington, a sprightly Chennault, who received her bachelor's degree at Hong Kong's Lingnan University in 1944, gave Post Magazine
her thoughts on the lack of Chinese-Americans in US high office:
"Historically, I think Chinese-Americans were more concerned about
their family, their children's education and making a living. Because
of this culture, maybe they were less inclined to politics," she says.
Chennault
brushes over her encounters with racism during her early years in the
US. But it is perhaps indicative of the history of Asian-American
integration in the US that a woman so politically adept took only one
government appointment (heading up the President's Export Council under
Reagan). "She remains," says Forslund, "one of the most significant
Chinese Americans ever to be involved in the US political system; I
can't think of anyone else who got their foot in those kinds of doors."
"The good news," says Nakanishi, "is that Asian-Americans are
becoming more involved politically and are shrugging off their
reputation merely for being a good source of campaign funds." He says
that 30 years ago, there were few Asian-Americans in office beyond
Hawaii and California. Today there are more than 2,000 major elected
officials across nearly 40 states.
Gautam Dutta, executive
director of the Asian American Action Fund, a lobby group, concurs but
cautions that while Asian-Americans are considered hard-working and
well-educated, many still inhabit the periphery of society,
particularly Cambodians and Laotians, who are among the poorest and
most politically excluded minorities in the country.
Despite
the "Asian-American" catch-all applied to ethnicities that range from
the Middle to the Far East, one of the more positive things Dutta has
observed is the community's growing willingness to compromise on their
disparate views and - learning from the African-American experience -
form an increasingly influential block vote to promote their interests.
He suggests the strategy first showed tangible results in 2006,
when Asian and Pacific Island Americans voted against Republican
senator George Allen and his anti-immigration rhetoric, instead
offering overwhelming support (78 per cent) to his opponent, Jim Webb.
In doing so, Asian-Americans provided the margin of victory that handed
control of the Senate to the Democrats.
"The influence of the
block vote could be especially crucial in the upcoming race for the
White House," says Professor Laura Hsu, a board member of the 80-20
Initiative, a non-partisan political action committee. The 80-20
Initiative, she explains, aims to encourage 80 per cent of
Asian-Americans to vote for a collectively selected presidential
candidate, and it has recommended its associates throw their weight
behind Senator Obama.
This choice was based on a commitment
Obama made to 80-20 to help shatter the glass ceiling - or what Dutta
refers to as "the pernicious stereotype that Asian and Pacific
Americans are good worker bees but not management material" - that
continues to inhibit the rise of these minorities both in the private
sector and to senior policymaking positions within government.
Back
in the predominantly caucasian Rocky Mountains, Eng is standing first
and foremost as an American unencumbered by ethnicity. "To rely on a
third-, fourth- or fifth generation Asian-American vote, this election
would have to be in California, Philly or New York; and that's one of
the tremendous things about my candidacy - it says Coloradans are
open-minded and colour blind about their political representatives."
One
clearly open-minded Coloradan is Stuart Brann, 75, a retired
grandfather of eight. Along with dozens of other dedicated volunteers
of all races and ages at the Littleton HQ, he is campaigning vigorously
for Eng, despite being an unusual bedfellow for a Democrat politician.
"I've
been a Republican all my life, and my family traces its Republican
roots right back to the Pilgrim Fathers," he says proudly. "But Hank's
a good guy trying to do the right thing for folks round here through
these tough times - and I should know; I was born June 30, 1933, the
day the Dow Jones hit its lowest level in the Great Depression."
Early
on Sunday morning, Eng arrives at Channel 9 TV to take part in a live
weekly political show. Behind the studio lights, his answers and body
language are scrutinised by the ever-present Sharpe and communications
director Aaron Cohen, a spin doctor whose youthful features opponents
would be ill-advised to mistake for inexperience.
After
discussing his renewable-energy policy for Colorado and his views on
the withdrawal from Iraq, the pair exchange a thumbs up as Eng alludes
to stories that have been swirling in the local media of incidences of
electoral impropriety emanating from Coffman's office.
One
senses the gentleman in Eng makes him reluctant to broach the issue but
he takes the bull by the horns and admonishes Coffman for awarding
non-competitive state contracts to the president of an election
data-management company - who owned a house in which the state's chief
election officer was living rent free. The officer resigned; Coffman
did not sack her.
As secretary of state for Colorado, Coffman
is ultimately responsible for electoral transparency and fairness, and
it would take a lawyer to summarise the growing litany of allegations
against him. Luis Toro, senior counsel for Colorado Ethics Watch, steps
up to the plate: "First, it came out that Secretary Coffman's elections
technology director, a guy who is supposed to act as a neutral
elections manager, was running a business on the side supporting the
Republican Party ... " Toro pauses for breath, "And then came the next
revelation: that his campaign consultant was simultaneously working for
Premier Election Solutions (PES) - formerly the much-maligned Diebold -
which just happens to be responsible for many of Colorado's electronic
voting machines."
"As secretary of state," Toro continues,
"Coffman previously decertified three of four types of electronic
voting machine in use across Colorado due to worries that they could be
hacked, only to recertify one company's machines before all the others.
You guessed which one? That's right; PES."
Coffman's office did
not return our call to discuss the matter. However, with concern
mounting about his politicised relationship with PES and the
reliability of the state's voting machines, a source close to the Obama
campaign in Colorado was willing to confirm that its lawyers are
already on standby for election day.
Unsurprisingly, more and
more Coloradans are drawing parallels with the Florida election debacle
of 2000. The national press is finally beginning to ask questions too,
with The New York Times publishing an investigation
that reveals how about 30,000 newly registered Colorado voters -
predominantly Democrats - have been struck off the voting register by
Coffman's officials, despite federal law barring such actions within 90
days of an election - a rule designed specifically to prevent partisan
deletions. However, the Times article failed to make the
connection between the Mike Coffman who was running the election and
the Mike Coffman who was running in the election.
While
historically the odds remain stacked against Eng, Sharpe reports that
her polls indicate Arapahoe County, the most populous in the district,
is now tied. "Hank's trailing in the others, but our commercials have
begun to air on TV and this will put us at a whole new level in the
game." She is too polite to mention Coffman's approval ratings across
the district which, at 26 per cent, are worse than those of President
Bush.
Colorado is now a key battleground state. With the
economic crisis worsening, the president's unpopularity becomes more of
a problem to McCain and, as Eng departs the TV studios, Sarah Palin is
scheduled to land in Colorado to do her bit to secure the state's nine
electoral college votes for the Republicans - only to be followed a few
hours later by Obama himself, who promptly extends his visit to two
days.
There's no question where Eng's campaign is going next:
the Denver School of Mines. Surviving the scrutiny of the Secret
Service and running the gauntlet of a partisan crowd, the school's
auditorium reverberates to chants of "O-BA-MA, O-BA-MA". Grown men and
women are in tears around me as I watch Eng take his place on Senator
Obama's right-hand side.
Stepping up to the podium, Obama begins
his speech by expressing outrage at Lehman Brothers' bankruptcy the
previous day. Times have not been this troubling for America since
9/11, he tells his supporters ... and I think back to where this roller
coaster campaign began for Post Magazine: it seems remarkable
that while the children at Jewell Elementary School's 9/11 memorial
service were not yet born when the Twin Towers fell, they might be the
first generation to take for granted an African-American president
leading their country.
And although Anna Chennault observes
tongue-in-cheek that, "At 82 years of age, I wouldn't expect to see an
Asian-American president in my lifetime," with campaigners such as Eng
serving as an inspiration, those same children just might.



